Book with page-ruling attachment therefor



Dec. 30, 1930. P. H. KAUFMAN BOOK WITH .PAGE RULING ATTACHMENT THEREFOR Filed Dec. 14, 1927 Patented Dec. 30, 1930 PATENT orFicE PHI IBH. KAUFMAN, orcLEvE AND'HEreHTs. OHIO BOOK WITH PAGE-RULING ATTACHMENT THEREFOR Application filed December 14,1927. Serial ar 239,880.

This invention relates to notebooks, and has for its general object to provide articles of this character with devices whereby lines may be readily ruled upon either'or both '5 sides-of the sheets-thereof and at varying distances apart and from {the margins of such leaves. Further and more limited objects of the invention will appear hereinafter and will be realized by the construction and arrangement of parts-shown in the drawings hereof, wherein Fig. 1 represents a perspective view of a notebook having my invention applied thereto; Fig. 2 a transverse sectional View through such notebook, showing the same in its'open position and with one of my ruling devices in operative relation to one of the leaves; and Fig. 3 a detail'in perspective showing a modification. 1

Describing the various parts byreference characters and in connection with Figs. 1

and 2, A represents the body of the notebook, the same consisting of a plurality of leaves which may be secured at their middles to the backing, the said backing being shown as continuous and comprising afront cover B and a back cover B. The leaves are shown as provided with the lines A running parallel with the top and bottom thereof.

In order to enable the leaves to be ruled with lines running across the lines A and preferably at right angles thereto, line rulers, indicated generally at C and C, are carried by the edges of the covers B and B which are adjacent to the free edges of the leaves A.

Each of these line rulersis made conveniently of cardboard having wide slots C and C respectively therein, these slots extending longitudinally of their respective rulersthat is at right angles to the direction of the 40 lines A These slots are separated by solid portions C and C respectively, which solid portions and slots are of such width as to enable spaced lines to be drawn upon the leaves A by using the opposite edges of the 15 sides of each slot for straight edges.

width of the slots and of the solid portions is shown herein to be such as to enable equally-spaced lines to be ruled on the leaves. A further advantage in employing the wide slots that they give visibility to the lines The I while being drawn, as the operator can see clearly both the starting and finishing point of any line which he wishes to draw. Furthermore, they, accommodate drawing in struments of considerable width and also 5' enable material and data to be lined up within'their confines as, for instance, columns of hgures. v

Each of the line-rulers C and'C is connected to an edge the front and back covers. ofthe book respectively and form ttoldable extens ons of such covers, the attachment'being shown as made at the side edges of such covers and being conveniently obtained byusing strips 'D, D of flexible material, each pasted or otherwise suitably secured at one edge to such edge of the front and back covers, respectively, and each hav- 7 ing itsopposite edge 'pasted or otherwise suitably secured to an edge of the rulers C and C, respectively. This flexible connection "is of sufiicient width in each case to enable the entire stack of leaves bound withmthe book to be received beneath each of the rulers G, and still enable such ruler to lie fiatupon the top of the stack. The strips D,

Dinay bejmade of tough and pliable paper,

or cloth, or any other flexible material suitable for the purpose.

In Fig. 3 there is shown a modification of my invention whereina line ruler C is showu my invent-ion in connection with a notebook will 'be'readi-ly understood. When it is desired to rule upon a leaf of the book lines such as shown atE,"eXtending across the lines A on su'clrleaf, by folding one of rulers upon the appropriate leaf, the lines may be drawn quickly, conveniently and accurately upon the appropriate side of such leaf by means of a pencil or other instrument'F,-as indicated in Fig.2. To draw lines upon the opposite'side of the same leaf or upon the sidesof other leaves which face the cover which carries the 7 ruler just used, the other line ruler will be employed, as shown in Fig. 1, being folded over upon the sides of the leaves which face away from the cover to which such'ruler is applied. j

Bythe conjoint action of the two line rulers C and C, the opposite sides of the leaves of a notebook may bequickly and conveniently ruled; and, when the line-rulers are not in use, they may be folded inwardly against their respective covers, as shown in connection with the ruler C in Fig. 1 and the ruler G in Fig. 2.

lVhile I have shown the line rulers as at- V tached to the side edges of the front and back 'between, said book comprising also a slotted line-ruler having an edge connected to the outer edge of its front cover and alslotted line ruler having'an edge connected tothe outer edge of its back cover, the said line rulers being foldable onto opposite sides of the leaves interposed between said covers, thereby enabling the ruling of lines on opposite'sides of the said leaves.

2. A bookcomprising foldable front and back covers and a series of leaveslinterposed therebetween, said book comprising also a of said cover and said connection being made flexible at its junction with the said cover whereby the said ruler may be folded on top of one or more of the leaves'in said stack while enabling thefruler to lie flat on top of such leaves, notwithstanding variations in thickness of the stack therebeneath. V 1

6. A book having foldable front and back covers and a series of leaves interposed therebetween, said book comprising also a slotted line-ruler having an edge connected totne outer edge of its front cover and a slotted line-ruler having an edge connected-to the outer edge of its back cover, the said line rulers being foldable onto opposite sides of the leaves interposed between said covers, thereby enabling the ruling of lines on opposite sides of the said 'leaves,said slotted lincrulers being provided with-parallel slots having parallel edges, the width of said slots being substantially equal to the distance between them. In testimony whereof, I hereunto affix my signature.

r PHILLIP H. KAUFMAN.

line-ruler for each cover, and a flexible connection between an edge of each suchruler and I the outer edge of the cover with which it is associated, said connections including means whereby the said rulers may be foldedon 0pposite sidesof the leaves interposed between said covers and of such width as toaccommodate between each ruler and the cover, to which it is attached a variable number of leaves while the ruler lies flat on top of the particular leaf which is to be ruled thereby 3.-A stack of leaves having a foldable V cover, and a slotted line ruler having an edge connected to an outer edge of said cover, the said line ruler being foldable onto the said leaves, thereby enabling the ruling of lines on one side of each of said leaves. 7

4. A book comprising a stack of leaves and a foldable cover therefor, and a slotted lineruler carried by an outer edge of said cover away from such stack, the said ruler being provided with ruling slots therein ofsuch andfoldable from said cover on top of and width as to enable opposite sides of each slot to be used as straight edges for spaced lines. r I 5. A book comprising a stack of leaves and drawing a foldable cover therefor, and a slotted line I ruler. for said leaves, the said ruler constituting an integral continuation of an outer edge I 

